1 | .Dd Sun Apr 3 2005 \" DATE
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2 | .Dt LAUNCH 1 LOCAL \" Program name and manual section number
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3 | .Os launch 1.0.1
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4 | .Sh NAME
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5 | .Nm launch
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6 | .Nd find, open, print, or get information about files, folders, disks and URLs
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7 | .Sh SYNOPSIS
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8 | .Nm launch
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9 | .Op Fl npswbmhCXU \" [-npswbmhCXU]
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10 | .Op Fl c Ar creator \" [-c creator]
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11 | .Op Fl i Ar bundleID \" [-i bundleID]
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12 | .Op Fl u Ar URL \" [-u URL]
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13 | .Op Fl a Ar name \" [-a name]
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14 | .Op Ar item ... \" [item ...]
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15 | .Op Ar - \" [-]
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16 | .Nm
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17 | .Op Fl npflswbmhCXU
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18 | .Ar item ...
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19 | .Sh DESCRIPTION
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20 | The
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21 | .Nm
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22 | command is a replacement for Mac OS X's
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23 | .Xr open 1
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24 | command and opens a file (or a folder/directory or URL), as if you had
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25 | double-clicked its icon in the Finder. If no application is specified,
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26 | the default application determined by LaunchServices is used to open
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27 | items.
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28 | .Pp
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29 | .Nm
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30 | invoked with a file or URL argument will open the URL directly or in
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31 | your preferred helper application. Applications can be specified by
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32 | their four-character creators (e.g. 'ToyS') or Java-style bundle ID
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33 | (e.g. com.apple.scripteditor).
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34 | .Pp
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35 | .Nm
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36 | can ask applications to print documents, a feature the OS X Finder is
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37 | still missing. It can open applications in the background; can open
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38 | multiple copies of applications; can open Carbon applications in
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39 | Classic, or prevent Classic from starting; and can show information
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40 | about any item on disk, including file type, creator, data and
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41 | resource fork sizes, dates, and bundle ID.
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42 | .Pp
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43 | The options to
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44 | .Nm
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45 | are divided in three sections according to purpose. You can give
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46 | .Nm
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47 | a reference to an application in many ways, using the matching
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48 | options. Once
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49 | .Nm
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50 | has identified one or more items, the action options indicate what to
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51 | do with these items. Finally, if the action involves launching an
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52 | application, the launch options allow further customization.
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53 | .Ss Matching options
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54 | .Bl -tag -width -indent
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55 | .It Fl c Ar creator
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56 | Match by creator (a four-character code, also known as a signature).
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57 | .It Fl i Ar bundleID
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58 | Match by bundle identifier, usually consisting of the reversed dot
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59 | (.)-separated components of the application developer's Internet domain
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60 | name, followed by the application name. For example, the Finder's
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61 | bundle identifier is
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62 | .Ar com.apple.Finder .
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63 | Bundle identifiers are not case-sensitive.
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64 | .It Fl u Ar URL
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65 | Match application at
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66 | .Ar URL
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67 | (which must be a file:// URL).
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68 | .El
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69 | .Pp
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70 | In addition to the above, you can specify applications, documents,
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71 | folders, disks and URLs as item arguments.
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72 | .Ss Action options
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73 | .Bl -tag -width -indent
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74 | .It Fl n
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75 | Print matching paths/URLs instead of opening them.
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76 | .It Fl p
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77 | Ask application(s) to print document(s).
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78 | .It Fl f
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79 | Display information about item(s).
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80 | .It Fl l
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81 | Launch URLs, treating "http://" URLs as Web sites instead of WebDAV
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82 | resources.
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83 | .El
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84 | .Ss Launch options
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85 | .Bl -tag -width -indent
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86 | .It Fl s
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87 | Launch target(s) as superuser, authenticating if needed.
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88 | .It Fl w
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89 | Wait for application to finish opening before exiting.
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90 | .It Fl b
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91 | Launch application in the background.
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92 | .It Fl m
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93 | Launch application again, even if already running.
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94 | .It Fl h
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95 | Hide application after it finishes opening.
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96 | .It Fl C
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97 | Force CFM/PEF Carbon application to open in Classic.
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98 | .It Fl X
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99 | Don't start the Classic environment for this Classic application if
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100 | Classic isn't running.
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101 | .It Fl U
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102 | Interpret items as URLs, even if files with the same names as the URLs
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103 | exist. (This was the default behavior in
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104 | .Nm
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105 | 1.0.)
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106 | .El
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107 | .Sh SEE ALSO
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108 | .\" List links in ascending order by section, alphabetically within a section.
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109 | .\" Please do not reference files that do not exist without filing a bug report
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110 | .Xr appswitch 1 ,
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111 | .Xr GetFileInfo 1 ,
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112 | .Xr open 1
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113 | .Sh BUGS \" Document known, unremedied bugs
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114 | Launching may be very slow on Mac OS X 10.2.8 and earlier; this is an
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115 | acknowledged Mac OS X bug with no known workaround, and may affect
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116 | Apple's
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117 | .Xr open 1
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118 | command as well in certain cases. It is fixed in Mac OS X 10.3.
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119 | .Pp
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120 | The
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121 | .Fl m
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122 | option may not work well (or at all) before Mac OS X 10.3 because of
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123 | Mac OS X bugs.
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124 | .Pp
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125 | The
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126 | .Fl h
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127 | option requires the
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128 | .Fl b
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129 | option to be used as well, or Cocoa applications will not hide on
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130 | startup. This is a Mac OS X bug which is still unfixed as of Mac OS X
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131 | 10.3.
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132 | .Sh AUTHOR
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133 | .An "Nicholas Riley" Aq launchsw@sabi.net
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134 | .Pp
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135 | This page written in part by
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136 | .An "Hisashi T Fujinaka" Aq htodd@twofifty.com .
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137 | .\" .Sh HISTORY \" Document history if command behaves in a unique manner
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